{"id":8568,"date":"2022-02-08T17:39:23","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T17:39:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/?p=8568"},"modified":"2022-02-25T11:24:52","modified_gmt":"2022-02-25T11:24:52","slug":"complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"The Complete Beginner&#8217;s Guide to Penetration Testing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cybercrime and cyber-attacks are on the rise, as more and more individuals, as well as companies, start incorporating digital and web-based technologies into their daily lives. Many different types of security testing go into protecting your systems and data from attackers or unwanted users. Among all the different types of testing that can be done, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.getastra.com\/blog\/security-audit\/penetration-testing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">penetration testing<\/a> in specific can prove to be quite significant. And so, in this article, we&#8217;ll be focusing on penetration testing, covering all the basics for you.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_61 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#Different_types_of_IT_security_testing\" title=\"Different types of IT security testing:\">Different types of IT security testing:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#What_is_penetration_testing\" title=\"What is penetration testing?\">What is penetration testing?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#The_two_main_points_of_access_to_consider_when_penetration_testing\" title=\"The two main points of access to consider when penetration testing\">The two main points of access to consider when penetration testing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#Three_different_types_of_penetration_testing\" title=\"Three different types of penetration testing:\">Three different types of penetration testing:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#Why_is_penetration_testing_important\" title=\"Why is penetration testing important?\">Why is penetration testing important?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#Who_is_penetration_testing_for\" title=\"Who is penetration testing for?\">Who is penetration testing for?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#Benefits_of_penetration_testing\" title=\"Benefits of penetration testing\">Benefits of penetration testing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#How_can_penetration_testing_be_done\" title=\"How can penetration testing be done?\">How can penetration testing be done?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#Different_tools_for_different_purposes\" title=\"Different tools for different purposes\">Different tools for different purposes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Different_types_of_IT_security_testing\"><\/span><strong>Different types of IT security testing:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are about 7 main types of security testing when it comes to information technology. However, there could be more based on the nature and complexity of the system or infrastructure you&#8217;re dealing with.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Penetration testing<\/li>\n<li>Vulnerability scanning<\/li>\n<li>IT security audits and risk assessment<\/li>\n<li>Social engineering<\/li>\n<li>Disaster recovery and business continuity planning (BCP)<\/li>\n<li>Physical intrusion testing<\/li>\n<li>Network forensics<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Each of these tests serves a different purpose in the overall integrity of a system&#8217;s safety. However, the main purpose of all security testing is to identify vulnerabilities in a system or network so that they can be fixed before an attacker can exploit them. Penetration testing is one that people often misunderstand or don&#8217;t know about at all. We&#8217;ll go into more detail on this now.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_penetration_testing\"><\/span><strong>What is penetration testing?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Penetration testing is the process of finding and exploiting vulnerabilities in a system, such as a website or other computing device. It can be used to test for weaknesses and loopholes that a malicious user could exploit. Penetration tests will often include vulnerability scanning which uses <a href=\"https:\/\/www.getastra.com\/blog\/security-audit\/software-penetration-testing\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">software penetration testing<\/a> tools to identify security issues on your network. Once these are identified, a penetration test will attempt to exploit them to determine how severe they are.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_two_main_points_of_access_to_consider_when_penetration_testing\"><\/span><strong>The two main points of access to consider when penetration testing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An ethical hacker or penetration tester needs to cover the various ways data could be breached. They could do this remotely, or from within by physically getting a hold of a device or a way to access it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Remote<\/strong>: In this method, an ethical hacker will attempt to remotely exploit vulnerabilities in a system from the outside world. The goal is to be able to access it as though you were any other user or program on that network. This is often done by identifying and exploiting security flaws such as unencrypted data transmissions, weak passwords, etc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Internal:<\/strong>\u00a0 In this scenario, the hacker will attempt to exploit vulnerabilities from within the system. This could be by gaining access to a device such as a laptop or a phone and then trying to extract data from it, or by taking advantage of an already compromised system.<\/p>\n<p>Once you understand how attackers can gain access to your systems, you can better protect them by plugging the holes they would use.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Three_different_types_of_penetration_testing\"><\/span><strong>Three different types of penetration testing:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>White box<\/strong>: In this type of test, the tester has full access to all security measures and knowledge about the system being tested.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Black box<\/strong>: In this type of test, the testers will perform their tests on the system having no prior knowledge beyond its name and address about the system or its infrastructure. This is done to simulate how a hacker would view the system externally and plan their attacks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Grey box<\/strong>: This type of test is a mix of white and black box testing, where the tester has some knowledge about the system but not all.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_is_penetration_testing_important\"><\/span><strong>Why is penetration testing important?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Penetration tests reveal the true security of a system. While vulnerability scans and other tests can only identify problems, they don&#8217;t prove that vulnerabilities are exploitable or how severe an issue might be if attacked. The results from penetration testing will help you understand just how vulnerable your systems are when they are up and running. This will give you an idea of what needs to be fixed and what could need immediate attention as well as possible future improvements to your security posture.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_is_penetration_testing_for\"><\/span><strong>Who is penetration testing for?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Penetration testing is for anyone who wants to ensure the security of their systems. This includes large businesses as well as smaller ones or even individual users. Many people believe that everyone should perform a penetration test on their home network at least once a year.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Benefits_of_penetration_testing\"><\/span><strong>Benefits of penetration testing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are many benefits to performing a penetration test. Some of these include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mitigating vulnerabilities before an attacker can exploit them<\/li>\n<li>Identifying the true security posture of your systems<\/li>\n<li>Training employees on security practises and how to identify and avoid social engineering attacks<\/li>\n<li>Testing disaster recovery and business continuity plans<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_can_penetration_testing_be_done\"><\/span><strong>How can penetration testing be done?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are mainly three ways to go about this- using automated tools and\/or scripts, Manually, or a Hybrid approach. The approach you choose would depend on the size and complexity of the target environment as well as what you&#8217;re testing for.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Automated:<\/strong> This method will use software or scripts to detect security issues, exploit them, test for common problems, and provide reports on the findings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Manual:<\/strong> This method will require a specialist skilled at ethical hacking who will manually find and exploit vulnerabilities.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hybrid:<\/strong> This is the best approach and is a combination of the two methods listed above. It couples the speed of automated testing with the added accuracy from manually testing areas that were overlooked by the automated tools.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Different_tools_for_different_purposes\"><\/span><strong>Different tools for different purposes<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.getastra.com\/blog\/security-audit\/best-penetration-testing-tools\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">best and different kinds of tools for penetration testing<\/a>, each built for a different purpose. They can be categorised as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vulnerability scanners<\/strong> \u2013 software that checks systems for known vulnerabilities so you can fix them before being exploited by an attacker.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exploitation frameworks<\/strong> \u2013 reusable code that makes it easier to develop exploits against common applications and services, such as databases or web servers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Password cracking tools<\/strong> \u2013 used to reveal passwords by various methods based on what data was found and how securely passwords are stored. Some of the features of such tools include- reverse-hashing, brute-forcing, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Network sniffers<\/strong> \u2013 software that can capture and decode all traffic passing over a network, including usernames, passwords, and other sensitive information.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Depending on what your target environment includes, how it contains data and what kind of data it holds, you will need different tools. If you don&#8217;t know where to start, talk to a professional penetration tester to get the right toolkit for your specific needs.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>So, there you have it. All the basics of penetration testing. We&#8217;ve covered what it is, why it&#8217;s important, and who should perform it. Additionally, we looked at the different types of tests that can be carried out as well as the tools needed for each one. While this is by no means an exhaustive list, it should give you a good starting point for understanding and performing penetration tests on your own.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cybercrime and cyber-attacks are on the rise, as more and more individuals, as well as<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8569,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[769],"tags":[1841,1840,225],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Complete Beginner&#039;s Guide to Penetration Testing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cybercrime and cyber-attacks are on the rise, as more and more individuals, as well as companies, start incorporating digital and web-based technologies into their daily lives.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Complete Beginner&#039;s Guide to Penetration Testing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cybercrime and cyber-attacks are on the rise, as more and more individuals, as well as companies, start incorporating digital and web-based technologies into their daily lives.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.webtechmantra.com\/complete-beginners-guide-to-penetration-testing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WTM - 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